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Working paper · 2012-07-11 · SSRN Electronic Journal

The Industry-Specific Regulatory Constraint Database (IRCD): A Numerical Database on Industry-Specific Regulations for All U.S. Industries and Federal Regulations, 1997-2010

Omar Al‐Ubaydli, Patrick A. McLaughlin
read original ↗ DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.2099814

Citations & Impacts (90)

News articles · 2026-04-01
Opinion: Cutting red tape and tax burden for Idaho’s self-employed workers | Guest Column | postregister.com
The page is an opinion column by U.S. Senator Mike Crapo about tax cuts for self-employed workers; it cites the Mercatus Center as a source for statistics about Idaho's self-employed workforce, but does not identify or attribute any work to Patrick A. McLaughlin personally, nor does it mention him by name.
Semantic Scholar · 2026-02-17
American Environmental History and Policy
F. Manheim. (unknown venue). 2026
News articles · 2025-10-11
Vulcan Technologies: $10.9 Million Seed Funding Secured For Modernizing Regulatory Law With AI
ulations, which would have profound implications for businesses operating within the state. Vulcan's advisory board comprises notable figures in the field of regulatory economics and policy. Patrick McLaughlin, a leading regulatory economist at Stanford's Hoover Institution, offers valuable insights, having spearheaded influential projects like RegData and QuantGov that have informed regulatory re
Policy briefs citing you · 2025-06-24
Pacific Legal Foundation » The Nondelegation Project
PLF has sued the federal government over unconstitutional delegations of power to the Department of Labor, Department of Agriculture, Center for Disease Control, the Department of Education, the Federal Trade Commission, the president of the United States, and more in defense of the nondelegation doctrine. Read More · Patrick A. McLaughlin is a Research Fellow at Stanford University’s Hoover Insti…
Openalex Citation · 2025-01-01
Digital Technologies and Legal and Regulatory Frameworks
Christine Leitner, Christian M. Stiefmueller. (unknown venue). 2025
News articles · 2024-12-15
A New Approach to Measuring the Burden of Regulation - ProMarket
dex does not rely on measures of cost based on statutory or regulatory text or firm announcements, which is central to an important area of this empirical literature (e.g. Davis, 2017; Al‐Ubaydli and McLaughlin 2017; Calomiris et al. 2020; Kalmenovitz 2023; Singla 2023). It's important to note that we do not aim to measure an optimal regulatory environment, as our measure of state regulatory compl
Semantic Scholar · 2024-09-30
What is the relationship between industry‐specific regulation and technology startups?
Liya Palagashvili, Paola A. Suarez. Economic Affairs. 2024
Openalex Citation · 2024-05-26
Assessing Economic Contributions of the Virginia Seafood Industry: An Estimation Framework Utilizing Primary Data
Fernando H. Gonçalves, Jonathan van Senten, Michael H. Schwarz, Shraddha Hegde. Fishes. 2024
News articles · 2024-01-01
A Way Forward on Housing | National Affairs
The article cites Emily Hamilton of the Mercatus Center at George Mason University on zoning regulations and housing costs, but Hamilton is a different scholar; this is not a citation to McLaughlin's work, and no registered McLaughlin works on zoning appear in the provided list.
Semantic Scholar · 2023-05-11
The Cost of Wrongdoing to Bystander Firms
We argue that a taken-for-granted category gives way to a new category when strategic behavior becomes stigmatized. As a result, even bystander firms that have engaged in similar strategic behavior, such as lobbying, will be penalized by their association with the culpable strategic behavior. The extent of their association with the culpable behavior will determine the level of punishment they r…
Semantic Scholar · 2022-12-06
Corporate Political Activity, Reimagined: Revisiting the Political Marketplace
We update the literature on corporate attempts to influence political actors, and thereby shape their governmental outcomes. Doing so allows us to recognize where the field has advanced, where it has not, and, importantly, reimagine an agenda for research moving forward. Our review documents areas of research and levels of analyses within the literature and identifies a core and secondary issues i…
Semantic Scholar · 2022-10-30
Regulation, entrepreneurship, and dynamism
Openalex Citation · 2022-04-01
Measuring the Arm’s-Length Principle in Cultural Regulation and the Factors Influencing It: An Empirical Analysis of Regulatory Burden of the Registered Regulations under the Ministry of Culture, Sports, and Tourism in Korea (1960-2012)
Kwang-Hoon Lee. The Journal of Cultural Policy. 2022
Openalex Citation · 2021-06-25
Sunsetting as an adaptive strategy
Major financial legislation is invariably enacted in the wake of a financial crisis. However, legislating following a crisis is hazardous because information is scarce regarding causes of the crisis, let alone what would be an appropriate response. Compounding the lack of information, crisis-driven legislation is sticky, but financial markets are dynamically innovative, which can undermine the eff…
Semantic Scholar · 2021-05-17
Industry size and regulation: Evidence from US states
News articles · 2021-01-30
The FAA is preparing for delivery drones in 2021. Is your state ready?
USA Today opinion piece by Brent Skorup and Patricia Patnode citing a Mercatus Center report on drone readiness, but the specific report title and McLaughlin's authorship/co-authorship are not explicitly confirmed in the visible text, and no registered Works are directly cited by title or clearly attributed to McLaughlin.
Openalex Citation · 2020-12-14
Silicon Valley vs. Main Street: Regulatory Impact on Entrepreneurial Ventures
Semantic Scholar · 2020-12-04
Влияние регуляторной жесткости нормативно-правовой базы на динамику бедности в регионах России
Openalex Citation · 2020-12-04
Impact of regulatory framework rigidity on poverty in the regions of Russia
The paper analyzes the impact of the federal regulatory burden on poverty dynamics in Russia. The paper provides regional level indices of the federal regulatory burden on the economy in 2008—2018 which take into account sectoral structure of regions’ output and the level of regulatory rigidity of federal regulations governing certain types of economic activity. Estimates of empirical specificatio…
Semantic Scholar · 2020-12-01
The effects of federal regulations on corruption in U.S. States
Abstract Using the newly constructed Federal Regulation and State Enterprise Index (FRASE Index) to measure the federal regulations and the existing Corruption Convictions Index (CCI), we investigate the effects of federal regulations on corruption in U.S. states. Controlling for several demographic and economic variables including the Fraser Institute’s Economic Freedom Index (EFI), which measure…
Openalex Citation · 2020-07-30
Accounting for the Growth of Government
Semantic Scholar · 2020-07-23
The impact of regulation on private security industry dynamics
Blogs · 2020-07-15
Deregtech: using technology to deregulate the economy | by Cryptoeconomics | Medium
Deregtech can be directed at regulatory analytics to better measure and grasp the extent of the regulatory state. The <strong>RegData</strong> project, for instance, counts the number of ‘restrictive clauses’ in regulations. New measurements encourage innovation in regulatory policies and make new mechanisms possible.
Semantic Scholar · 2020-07-02
Policy uncertainty and corporate credit spreads
Abstract We find a significant positive relation between changes in policy uncertainty and changes in credit spreads. Macroeconomic conditions, including general uncertainty, do not explain this result, which also holds when we use instrumental variables to address endogeneity issues. The impact of policy uncertainty is greater for firms that operate in regulation-intensive industries, face high t…
Semantic Scholar · 2020-05-01
National regulation, state-level policy, and local job creation in the United States: A multilevel perspective
Abstract The relationship between national regulation and job creation remains highly debated. The “public choice” perspective holds that regulation hinders job creation through compliance costs and regulatory capture. Meanwhile, the “public interest” view suggests that regulation can facilitate employment growth by promoting innovation and fair competition. We offer a contingency perspective, i.e…
Semantic Scholar · 2020-04-02
The cumulative cost of regulations
Abstract We estimate the effects of federal regulation on the value added to GDP for a panel of 22 industries in the United States over a period of 35 years (1977–2012). The structure of our linear specification is explicitly derived from the closed-form solutions of a multisector Schumpeterian model of endogenous growth. We allow regulation to enter the specification in a fairly flexible manner. …
Semantic Scholar · 2020-04-01
Do CEOs Affect Employees' Political Choices?
Ilona Babenko, Viktar Fedaseyeu, Song Zhang. (unknown venue). 2020
Semantic Scholar · 2020-02-01
Economic policy uncertainty, cost of capital, and corporate innovation
We examine the impact of government economic policy uncertainty (GEPU) on corporate innovation and identify a cost-of-capital transmission channel. We find that GEPU increases firms’ cost of capital, which translates into lower innovation. As economic policy uncertainty rises, firms with more exposure to such uncertainty face a higher weighted average cost of capital and innovate less. Innovations…
Semantic Scholar · 2020-01-20
Measuring Regulatory Complexity
Despite a heated debate on the perceived increasing complexity of financial regulation, there is no available measure of regulatory complexity other than the mere length of regulatory documents. To fill this gap, we propose to apply simple measures from the computer science literature by treating regulation like an algorithm - a fixed set of rules that determine how an input (e.g., a bank balance …
Semantic Scholar · 2020-01-01
Larger polities are more regulated
Using a variety of novel data sources from the RegData project, we show that population levels and the amount of regulation are highly correlated across countries and time, and that more-populated US states, Australian states and Canadian provinces tend to be more heavily regulated than less-populated states and provinces. A doubling of population size is associated with a 22 to 33 per cent incr…
Semantic Scholar · 2020-01-01
Technical Change and Entrepreneurship
Sergio C. Salgado. Social Science Research Network. 2020
Semantic Scholar · 2020-01-01
To Choose Informational and Financial Political Access or Not? The Influence of Access Political Strategies on Subsidiary Performance of Emerging Market Multinationals
Theresa Onaji-Benson, Charles Mbalyohere. (unknown venue). 2020
Openalex Citation · 2019-12-07
A call for institutional analysis: practicing polycentric political economy in policy research
Anne Hobson, Eileen Norcross. The Review of Austrian Economics. 2019
Citing your work · 2019-11-27
December 2019 THE GROWTH OF REGULATION IN AUSTRALIA
1 See Omar Al-Ubaydli and Patrick A. McLaughlin, ‘RegData: A numerical database on industry-specific regulations
Semantic Scholar · 2019-11-01
Debt maturity, leverage, and political uncertainty
Abstract This study investigates the effects of political uncertainty (PU) on corporate debt maturity and leverage using a novel measure of firm-specific PU. We find that PU is negatively associated with debt maturity and leverage. Furthermore, the negative effects of PU on debt maturity and leverage are more pronounced for firms with greater investment reversibility and a lower credit rating. PU …
Semantic Scholar · 2019-10-30
Sources of Continued Corporate Dominance
J. Murray, M. Jordan. (unknown venue). 2019
Semantic Scholar · 2019-08-31
Regulatory capture in the US petroleum refining industry
Policy briefs citing you · 2019-08-13
IPA Brings World Leading Red Tape Reduction Approach To Australia
The report applies <strong>a new method of measuring regulation</strong>, called RegData, to count the regulatory restrictiveness causes – words and phrases such as “shall”, “may” and “must not” – to measure the regulatory burden.
Semantic Scholar · 2019-06-27
RegData: Australia
In this paper we introduce RegData Australia (RDAU1.0) and present some preliminary and comparative findings using this new panel. RDAU1.0 applies the RegData method to create a unique Australian database that extends from 1997 to 2012. RegData uses text analysis to quantify restrictive clauses in legislation, significantly improving the accuracy of measurements of regulatory incidence. RDAU1.0 ex…
Semantic Scholar · 2019-06-18
A private security regulation index: ranking EU member states from 1931 until 2018
Glenn Scheerlinck, Caroline Buts, G. Reniers, M. Cools. Security Journal. 2019
Semantic Scholar · 2019-06-01
Bootleggers, Baptists, and the risks of rent seeking
Semantic Scholar · 2019-06-01
The Failure of Free Entry
We study the entry and exit of firms across U.S. industries over the past 40 years. The elasticity of entry with respect to Tobin’s Q was positive and significant until the late 1990s but declined to zero afterwards. Standard macroeconomic models suggest two potential explanations: rising entry costs or rising returns to scale. We find that neither returns to scale nor technological costs can expl…
Semantic Scholar · 2019-03-14
Has Dodd–Frank affected bank expenses?
Semantic Scholar · 2019-03-07
The Interdependence of Hierarchical Institutions: Federal Regulation, Job Creation, and the Moderating Effect of State Economic Freedom
Regulation is commonly viewed as a hindrance to entrepreneurship, but heterogeneity in the effects of regulation is rarely explored. We focus on regional variation in the effects of national-level regulations by developing a theory of hierarchical institutional interdependence. Using the political science theory of market-preserving federalism, we argue that regional economic freedom attenuates th…
Semantic Scholar · 2019-01-01
RegData Canada: An Overview
Semantic Scholar · 2019-01-01
The efficiency of regulatory arbitrage
Other websites · 2018-10-01
Philosophy, Politics, and Economics | Economics...
This dissertation consists of three chapters on regulation in the United States: Business regulation and business investment: Evidence from US...
Semantic Scholar · 2018-09-24
Regulation and poverty: an empirical examination of the relationship between the incidence of federal regulation and the occurrence of poverty across the US states
Semantic Scholar · 2018-09-06
RegData 2.2: a panel dataset on US federal regulations
Semantic Scholar · 2018-08-17
Stratification by regulation: Are bootleggers and Baptists biased?
Semantic Scholar · 2018-08-13
Regulatory burden and business dynamics: a preliminary analysis
Purpose Stigler (1971) first presented a theory of regulation in which the regulator eventually serves the interests of the regulated rather than in the interest of the public good. In such an institutional environment, one should expect to observe outcomes associated with reduced competitive pressures on existing firms. The paper aims to discuss this issue. Design/methodology/approach In this …
Semantic Scholar · 2018-07-19
Presidentially Directed Policy Change: The Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs as Partisan or Moderator?
Semantic Scholar · 2018-07-02
The productivity slowdown: is it the ‘new normal’?
N. Crafts. (unknown venue). 2018
Openalex Citation · 2018-05-11
Business regulation and business investment: evidence from US manufacturing 1970–2009
Brandon Pizzola. Journal of Regulatory Economics. 2018
Semantic Scholar · 2018-05-01
Political Management, Research and Development, and Advertising Capital in the Pharmaceutical Industry: A Good Prognosis?
Semantic Scholar · 2018-04-26
Regulation, entrepreneurship, and firm size
Semantic Scholar · 2018-02-26
Regressive effects of regulation on wages
Semantic Scholar · 2018-01-01
Lobbying the Regulatory State: An Examination of Regulation and Revolving Door Lobbying
C. Lowrance. (unknown venue). 2018
Semantic Scholar · 2018-01-01
Is Regulation to Blame for the Decline in American Entrepreneurship
Nathan Goldschlag, Alexander Tabarrok. (unknown venue). 2018
Openalex Citation · 2018-01-01
Government Investment in Publicly Traded Firms
Kateryna V. Holland. SSRN Electronic Journal. 2018
Openalex Citation · 2017-12-18
Legislative Impact Accounting: Incorporating Prospective and Retrospective Review into a Regulatory Budget
Congressional decision‐making suffers from scarce information about the scope and economic consequences of legislative actions. This paper proposes a better method to overcome congressional information scarcity. Our proposal relies on the premise that regulations have similar economic effects as taxes and spending, and therefore should be scored and tracked as part of the budget process. Our propo…
Semantic Scholar · 2017-11-04
Presidentially Directed Policy Change
Semantic Scholar · 2017-10-25
Regulating away competition: the effect of regulation on entrepreneurship and employment
James Bailey, D. Thomas. Journal of Regulatory Economics. 2017
Semantic Scholar · 2017-06-22
The Disappointing Recovery of Output after 2009
Semantic Scholar · 2017-06-01
Essays on the organizational economics of the lobbying market
E. Farfan, M. Andrés. (unknown venue). 2017
Semantic Scholar · 2017-06-01
Quantifying Federal Regulatory Burdens in the Beer Value Chain
Trey Malone, D. Chambers. (unknown venue). 2017
Policy briefs citing you · 2017-05-15
Dwindling numbers in the financial industry
and McLaughlin, P.A. (2015) “<strong>RegData</strong>: A numerical database on industry-specific regulations for all United States industries and federal regulations, 1997-2012.” Regulation &amp; Governance, doi: 10.1111/rego.12107.
Policy briefs citing you · 2017-05-15
Dwindling numbers in the financial industry | Brookings
and McLaughlin, P.A. (2015) “<strong>RegData</strong>: A numerical database on industry-specific regulations for all United States industries and federal regulations, 1997-2012.” Regulation &amp; Governance, doi: 10.1111/rego.12107.
Semantic Scholar · 2017-05-13
Essays in Asset Pricing and Macroeconomics
Thummim Cho. (unknown venue). 2017
Semantic Scholar · 2017-05-01
Too Small to Regulate: International Evidence on Regulatory Monitoring
Lorien Stice-Lawrence. (unknown venue). 2017
Semantic Scholar · 2017-04-24
R&D Investments, Profitability and Regulation of the Pharmaceutical Industry
I. Goncharov, JJrg Mahlich, B. Yurtoglu. (unknown venue). 2017
News articles · 2016-12-12
NYDFS | American Banker
This is a directory/listing page for NYDFS news on American Banker; McLaughlin's surname does not appear substantively in the page body, only tangentially in a snippet mentioning the Mercatus Center (which is an affiliation, not content by McLaughlin).
Semantic Scholar · 2016-12-01
Investmentless Growth: An Empirical Investigation
Semantic Scholar · 2016-12-01
The impact of regulatory accumulation on U.S. Federal District Courts
Gregory M. Randolph, J. Fetzner. (unknown venue). 2016
Policy briefs citing you · 2016-07-21
Political Rents and Profits in Regulated Industries - ProMarket
For example, last January, the Mercatus Center at George Mason University, which hosts the RegData project, published “The McLaughlin-Sherouse List: The 10 Most-Regulated Industries of 2014,”((Patrick McLaughlin and Oliver Sherouse, “The McLaughlin-Sherouse List: The 10 Most-Regulated Industries of 2014,” (2016).))which was led by petroleum and coal products manufacturing (25,482 restrictive words…
News articles · 2016-07-17
Paul Ryan's task force: 'Government is the problem, not the solution' - Washington Times
A more recent comprehensive study by the Mercatus Center at George Mason University closely examined the <strong>regulatory cost impact on 22 major industries to produce a database</strong> called RegData 2.2. Their economic modeling concluded that regulatory ...
Openalex Citation · 2016-05-10
The Regulatory Determinants of Railroad Safety
Openalex Citation · 2016-01-01
The Impact of Dodd-Frank on Bankss Noninterest Expenses
Semantic Scholar · 2016-01-01
The Political Landscape: A New Approach to Understanding Corporate Political Activity
M. Greiner, Jaegul Lee. (unknown venue). 2016
Openalex Citation · 2015-12-16
RegData: A numerical database on industry‐specific regulations for all United States industries and federal regulations, 1997–2012
Abstract We introduce RegData, formerly known as the Industry‐specific Regulatory Constraint Database. RegData annually quantifies federal regulations by industry and regulatory agency for all federal regulations from 1997–2012. The quantification of regulations at the industry level for all industries is without precedent. RegData measures regulation for industries at the two, three, and four‐dig…
Semantic Scholar · 2015-12-01
Regulatory Complexity and Policy Uncertainty: Headwinds of Our Own Making
Citing your work · 2015-11-19
The Modern Online Gig Economy, Consumer Benefits, and the Importance of Regulatory Humility - AAF
n Rodeo, https://regrodeo.com/?year%5B0%5D=2015 [24] Sam Batkins, 2014: Year of Action, Year of Regulation , https://www.americanactionforum.org/research/2014-year-of-action-year-of-regulation . [25] Omar Al-Ubaydli and Patrick A. McLaughlin, RegData A Numerical Database on Industry-Specific Regulations for All US Industries and Federal Regulations, 1997–2012 , http://mercatus.org/sites/default/fi…
Openalex Citation · 2015-01-01
:::: (Effect of Regulation on Labor Productivity: Empirical Analysis Using a Panel of Korean Industries)
Dongyeol Lee, Jonghan Lee, Jong‐Il Choe. SSRN Electronic Journal. 2015
Openalex Citation · 2015-01-01
The Exposure Theory of Access: Why Some Firms Seek More Access to Incumbents than Others
Alexander Fouirnaies, Andrew B. Hall. SSRN Electronic Journal. 2015
Citing your work · 2013-10-30
EPA’s Retrospective Review of Regulations: Will It Reduce Manufacturing Burdens? | The Federalist Society
s comments and suggestions on this working paper. The help of Art Fraas in particular was crucial to the development of this idea and the many drafts that led to this paper. Additionally, she would like to thank Patrick McLaughlin for developing the RegData database and for answering her questions about it in such a timely manner, and Sam Batkins for making his research available.This article is a…
News articles · 2012-03-29
Mercatus Center at George Mason University
Patrick McLaughlin is listed as a Senior Research Fellow at the Mercatus Center in the page's scholar roster (2015 snapshot), confirming his affiliation with the organization profiled, but the page itself is a DeSmog directory/background article about the Mercatus Center as an institution, not a work authored by or primarily about McLaughlin.
News articles · 2011-08-02
Where Directors Are Now: Enron, Bear Stearns and Lehman Brothers - The New York Times
The page mentions Dr. Wendy L. Gramm (not Patrick A. McLaughlin) in connection with the Mercatus Center; this is a different person who shares no affiliation with the registered scholar Patrick A. McLaughlin, so it is not relevant to him.
News articles
The Post-Industrial State | National Affairs
The page is an article by Arnold Kling published in National Affairs; while it mentions the Mercatus Center at George Mason University (one of McLaughlin's affiliations), Kling is the author and McLaughlin is neither the author nor substantively discussed in the article's content.
News articles
Stephen Matteo Miller | American Banker
This is an author profile page for Stephen Matteo Miller at Mercatus Center, not Patrick A. McLaughlin; the page mentions different scholars (Hoenig, Barth, Reese) but does not reference McLaughlin or his work.
News articles
Matthew Mittelsteadt - Visiting Research Fellow
This is an author profile page for Matthew Mittelsteadt (Mercatus Center), not Patrick A. McLaughlin; the page mentions a different scholar entirely.